What is a common side effect of long-term glucocorticoid use in dogs?

Long-term glucocorticoid use in dogs is commonly associated with an increase in appetite and thirst. Glucocorticoids, which are steroid hormones, can stimulate appetite through their effects on the central nervous system, resulting in dogs feeling hungrier than usual. This increased appetite often leads to weight gain if not managed appropriately.

Additionally, glucocorticoids influence fluid balance and can lead to increased thirst, known as polydipsia. This occurs because these medications can affect kidney function and how the body regulates water, making it necessary for dogs to drink more to compensate for any changes in fluid balance.

While other side effects can occur with glucocorticoids, such as loss of coat luster, decreased energy levels, or gastrointestinal distress, the combination of increased appetite and thirst is most consistently reported as a primary side effect associated with long-term use of these medications.